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Saw Palmetto
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/htdocs/Che ... lmetto.pdf
Saw palmetto is known to exhibit an antiandrogenic action (experimental model not specified), although the compound responsible for this action has not been identified (Tyler, 1993; cited by Mendosa, 1997).
The cause of the antiandrogenic effects of saw palmetto extracts are debated. The effects are thought to be caused by a direct action on the androgen receptor (Briley et al., 1983; Carilla et al., 1984; both cited by Champault et al., 1984; Ravenna et al., 1996), the inhibition of the enzyme testosterone-5--reductase (Sultan et al., 1984; cited by
Champault et al., 1984), and/or competitive inhibition of hydrotestosterone (DHT) binding to both cytosolic and nuclear receptors (Sultan et al.,1984; cited by Lowe and Ku, 1996). However, studies by Rhodes et al. (1993; cited by Lowe and Ku, 1996) found that saw palmetto berry extract (Permixon) did not demonstrate any inhibition of DHT binding or inhibition of 5--reductase activity. Strauch et al. (1994) also did not observe inhibition of 5--reductase activity when determined by measuring serum DHT levels. Délos et al. (1995) found that Permixoninhibited the formation of all the testosterone metabolites studied (DHT; androst-4-ene-3,17-dione; and 5-androstane-3,17-dione) in
both epithelial and fibroblast cells from BPH and prostate cancer tissues. Lehle et al. (1995) also found that the saw palmetto extract markedly inhibited both isoforms of human 5--reductase in the baculovirus-directed insect cell expression system, but the inhibition was noncompetitive. Permixoninhibited DHT and testosterone binding in 11
different human tissue specimens (el-Sheikh et al., 1988). In humans, the antiandrogenic effect is achieved without significantly influencing systemic hormone levels, including testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone (Casarosa et al., 1988).
The most interesting thing about this article is the localized DHT inhibiting of the prostrate. Suggesting that topically applied Saw Palmetto may indeed do the same thing on the scalp. Judging from the anecdotal effectiveness of Revivogen and other topicals high in Saw Palmetto, my inference into the above cited study may just be correct.
Green Tea
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb ... 7/_article
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Green Tea Seed Extract and Its Activity on 5α-Reductase Inhibition
Jun-Seong PARK1), Myeong-Hoon YEOM1), Won-Seok PARK1), Kyung-Mi JOO1), Ho-Sik RHO1), Duck Hee KIM1) and Ih Seop CHANG1)
1) Skin Research Institute, AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center
(Received June 21, 2005)
(Accepted November 4, 2005)
Two kaempferol glycosides were isolated from green tea seed extract (GTSE). After conducting a structure analysis, these two compounds were identified as kaempferol-3-O-[2-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 1) and kaempferol-3-O-[2-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 2). These two compounds were hydrolysed by o-glycolytic enzymes for the production of kaempferol. After performing several reactions, we found the optimum enzyme combination, a reaction with β-galactosidase and hesperidinase. Finally, we produced kaempferol of above 95% purity. The 5α-reductase inhibition activities of GTSE hydrolysate (GTSE-H) containing kaempferol were evaluated by the contact cell-based metabolic method using a stable HEK 293 cell line. GTSE-H showed a good inhibition effect on HEK 293 cell lines both type 1 and type 2 on 5α-reductase. Especially, GTSE-H inhibited type 2 with kaempferol content dependency. The results indicate that the inhibition activity of hydrolysate on 5α-reductase type 2 increases in accordance with kaempferol content.
No two ways about this study I believe. Topically applied, green tea is very effective in inhibiting DHT levels, specifically both type 1 and type 2 5α-reductase. Read the whole article. It shows a very interesting graph on page 7 comparing the active components of Green Tea to Finasteride.
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/htdocs/Che ... lmetto.pdf
Saw palmetto is known to exhibit an antiandrogenic action (experimental model not specified), although the compound responsible for this action has not been identified (Tyler, 1993; cited by Mendosa, 1997).
The cause of the antiandrogenic effects of saw palmetto extracts are debated. The effects are thought to be caused by a direct action on the androgen receptor (Briley et al., 1983; Carilla et al., 1984; both cited by Champault et al., 1984; Ravenna et al., 1996), the inhibition of the enzyme testosterone-5--reductase (Sultan et al., 1984; cited by
Champault et al., 1984), and/or competitive inhibition of hydrotestosterone (DHT) binding to both cytosolic and nuclear receptors (Sultan et al.,1984; cited by Lowe and Ku, 1996). However, studies by Rhodes et al. (1993; cited by Lowe and Ku, 1996) found that saw palmetto berry extract (Permixon) did not demonstrate any inhibition of DHT binding or inhibition of 5--reductase activity. Strauch et al. (1994) also did not observe inhibition of 5--reductase activity when determined by measuring serum DHT levels. Délos et al. (1995) found that Permixoninhibited the formation of all the testosterone metabolites studied (DHT; androst-4-ene-3,17-dione; and 5-androstane-3,17-dione) in
both epithelial and fibroblast cells from BPH and prostate cancer tissues. Lehle et al. (1995) also found that the saw palmetto extract markedly inhibited both isoforms of human 5--reductase in the baculovirus-directed insect cell expression system, but the inhibition was noncompetitive. Permixoninhibited DHT and testosterone binding in 11
different human tissue specimens (el-Sheikh et al., 1988). In humans, the antiandrogenic effect is achieved without significantly influencing systemic hormone levels, including testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone (Casarosa et al., 1988).
The most interesting thing about this article is the localized DHT inhibiting of the prostrate. Suggesting that topically applied Saw Palmetto may indeed do the same thing on the scalp. Judging from the anecdotal effectiveness of Revivogen and other topicals high in Saw Palmetto, my inference into the above cited study may just be correct.
Green Tea
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb ... 7/_article
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Green Tea Seed Extract and Its Activity on 5α-Reductase Inhibition
Jun-Seong PARK1), Myeong-Hoon YEOM1), Won-Seok PARK1), Kyung-Mi JOO1), Ho-Sik RHO1), Duck Hee KIM1) and Ih Seop CHANG1)
1) Skin Research Institute, AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center
(Received June 21, 2005)
(Accepted November 4, 2005)
Two kaempferol glycosides were isolated from green tea seed extract (GTSE). After conducting a structure analysis, these two compounds were identified as kaempferol-3-O-[2-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 1) and kaempferol-3-O-[2-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O-α-L-rhanmopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 2). These two compounds were hydrolysed by o-glycolytic enzymes for the production of kaempferol. After performing several reactions, we found the optimum enzyme combination, a reaction with β-galactosidase and hesperidinase. Finally, we produced kaempferol of above 95% purity. The 5α-reductase inhibition activities of GTSE hydrolysate (GTSE-H) containing kaempferol were evaluated by the contact cell-based metabolic method using a stable HEK 293 cell line. GTSE-H showed a good inhibition effect on HEK 293 cell lines both type 1 and type 2 on 5α-reductase. Especially, GTSE-H inhibited type 2 with kaempferol content dependency. The results indicate that the inhibition activity of hydrolysate on 5α-reductase type 2 increases in accordance with kaempferol content.
No two ways about this study I believe. Topically applied, green tea is very effective in inhibiting DHT levels, specifically both type 1 and type 2 5α-reductase. Read the whole article. It shows a very interesting graph on page 7 comparing the active components of Green Tea to Finasteride.