Questions about regrowth after baldness occurs + the puzzling side/back hair

[LAGuy50]

Why is regrowth impossible once balding occurs?

Do the scalp or follicles undergo some kind of damage?

Are there any promising areas of research into this topic?

What is happening on my scalp at the demarcation line where my scalp is growing thick hair in a region 1mm away from a region where it has died off? Why does this happen?
One guy proposed an interesting gravity theory (http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131030092856.htm). It seems to explain it, but wouldn't transplanted hair soon fall out if this were the case? (And I haven't heard about that being true.)

 

[HairIsPossible]

Why is regrowth impossible once balding occurs?

Do the scalp or follicles undergo some kind of damage?

Are there any promising areas of research into this topic?

What is happening on my scalp at the demarcation line where my scalp is growing thick hair in a region 1mm away from a region where it has died off? Why does this happen?
One guy proposed an interesting gravity theory (http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131030092856.htm). It seems to explain it, but wouldn't transplanted hair soon fall out if this were the case? (And I haven't heard about that being true.)

They would not fall out because those new follicles have undamaged subcutaneous fat protecting them. As with any follicle on the top of the scalp it takes many years of gradual depletion of these fatty deposits for the blood flow to be reduced to the point where the follicle is noticeably miniaturized.

This long delay is why hair transplants are perceived as "permanent," even though there are plenty of cases out there which demonstrate otherwise.